More than 10 years have passed since the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) was adopted, yet many states, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States (CANZUS states), have been slow to implement it. Featuring Indigenous rights scholars from each of the CANZUS states, this special report explores some of the reasons behind these states' reluctance to implement UNDRIP and offers recommendations for overcoming these challenges. The authors address a range of issues such as who should be responsible for interpreting UNDRIP standards, and the importance of relationship building between state governments and Indigenous peoples to promote Indigenous peoples' self-determination in the implementation of the declaration.